EU representatives voted for retaliatory measures against Chinese restrictions on European medical device manufacturers after an investigation revealed unfair blocking of EU products. This marks the first use of the International Procurement Instrument (IPI) aimed at ensuring fair access for EU firms. Despite hopes for dialogue, challenges remain in accessing China's procurement market, which is dominated by domestic policies. The China Chamber of Commerce expressed concern over the potential trade barrier implications of the IPI measures amidst a sensitive period in EU-China relations, with an upcoming summit planned for July 2025.