Since 2022, the EU has governed trade with Ukraine through Autonomous Trade Measures (ATMs), eliminating tariffs on Ukrainian agricultural exports. However, the ATMs are set to expire on June 5, 2025, without a permanent replacement, causing concern for Ukrainian exporters and EU policymakers. The reintroduction of tariffs could cost Ukraine over €3 billion annually and impact its war funding. Transitional measures have been prepared, but future trade will be based on the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA), disappointing Ukrainian hopes for continued tariff-free access.