Amnesty International's report concludes that Palestinian armed groups, particularly Hamas, committed war crimes and crimes against humanity during the October 7, 2023 attacks on southern Israel, which resulted in around 1,200 civilian deaths. The report details various violations including murder, torture, and hostage-taking, with evidence suggesting a systematic targeting of civilians. Despite Hamas's claims of not targeting civilians, the report indicates otherwise, highlighting the extensive suffering inflicted on both Israeli and foreign civilians.