Japan's parliament is set to elect Sanae Takaichi as the first female prime minister, following a coalition deal with the Japan Innovation Party. Takaichi replaces Shigeru Ishiba, who resigned after a year in office. Her government faces challenges due to a lack of majority and the need for stability to address economic issues. Takaichi, known for her ultraconservative views, has been criticized for her stance on gender equality and historical revisionism.