In 2020, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing CRISPR-Cas, a gene-editing technology with applications in medicine and agriculture. NGTs (new genomic techniques) differ from GMOs by not introducing genes from incompatible organisms. The EU is discussing regulations for NGTs, which could lead to less strict rules. A trial in Harpenden, led by Nigel Halford, successfully reduced asparagine levels in wheat using CRISPR. However, some experts, like Katja Tielbörger, express skepticism about the environmental impacts and the proposed regulations.