Syria's interim president, Ahmad al-Sharaa, signed a temporary constitution that promises to protect the rights of all Syrians for five years during a transitional phase. The new leadership, which came to power after overthrowing Bashar al-Assad, faces skepticism from religious and ethnic minorities. The constitution includes provisions for freedom of expression and a separation of powers, while also maintaining some elements from the previous constitution. A People's Committee will serve as an interim parliament, and a new committee will draft a permanent constitution. The US and Europe are cautious about lifting sanctions until an inclusive political system is established.