The Belo Monte hydropower plant in the Brazilian Amazon, one of the largest in the world, has faced legal challenges due to its environmental and social impacts on Indigenous communities. Despite supplying 10% of Brazil's electricity, courts have ruled that it failed to protect ecosystems and Indigenous rights. Recent rulings have ordered compensation and a reassessment of water diversion practices, raising concerns about Brazil's reliance on hydropower and the potential for more infrastructure projects with less scrutiny.