The protests in Iran that erupted in late December over economic collapse led to a violent crackdown by the regime, resulting in one of the largest mass killings of protesters in modern history. International human rights organizations have documented thousands of deaths, with estimates varying widely. The Iranian government appears to have premeditated its response to the protests, aiming to maintain power through fear and violence. The international community, particularly the West, faces pressure to respond effectively, as the situation in Iran poses significant human rights concerns and geopolitical implications.